1296A Dielectric Interface

1296A

Solartron

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The development of modern high impedance, low loss materials has meant that further advances in measurement technology have been required. We therefore specifically designed the Model 1296A Dielectric Interface to extend the measurement capabilities of our frequency response analyzers for the materials test market. This dielectric test system allows the user to investigate the frequency response of a material over an extended impedance range (up to 1014 &Omega:), and under varying experimental conditions of AC amplitude control, DC bias to 1 kV AC or DC, and temperature.

Analyzing low conductivity, low loss materials stretches the capabilities of even the best frequency response analyzers (FRAs). Used alone, they lack the sensitivity required for accurate measurements, especially at low frequencies. When used in conjunction with one of our FRAs, the Model 1296A Dielectric Interface overcomes these issues allowing fast, accurate impedance measurements from 100 &Omega: to 100 T&Omega: with1 in65,000,000 resolution. In addition, the dissipation factor of low loss materials can be characterized with accurate tan delta measurements of less than 10-4.

Analyzing low conductivity, low loss materials stretches the capabilities of even the best frequency response analyzers (FRAs). Used alone, they lack the sensitivity required for accurate measurements, especially at low frequencies.

The 1296A Dielectric Interface overcomes these limitations to give you fast, accurate and repeatable impedance measurements over 12 decades of frequency, yielding valuable insights into the characteristics of a wide range of materials, including polymers, ceramics, ion conductors, dielectrics, piezo/ferroelectrics, display materials etc. Coupled with easy-to-use software, a 1296A-based system takes care of experimental technique and lets you concentrate on interpreting the results.

The 1296A enhances the capabilities of Solartron Analytical’s renowned 1260A and 1255A FRAs to cope with ultra-low current and capacitance levels experienced in testing dielectric materials, enabling:-

  • Impedance measurements to exceed 100 TΩ (1014Ω)
  • Accurate tan delta measurements down to <10-4
  • Frequency range from 10 μHz up to 10 MHz
  • AC signal and DC bias voltages up to 1000 V (with external psu or amplifier) revealing essential data in areas previously inaccessible.

Highly accurate reference capacitors are built in to 1296Afor sampling/reference testing, or you can choose to use an external reference, offering unrivalled flexibility to meet almost every measurement need. Support for temperature and DC controllers is integral to the measurement software, further increasing the scope for materials analysis.

Defining Dielectrics

Many materials have the properties of low conductance (high impedance) and low loss. They are often referred to as dielectrics, although many materials not normally considered as dielectrics exhibit these properties.

 

One popular technique for analyzing such materials is Impedance Spectroscopy - measuring the electrical impedance over a range of frequencies. The impedance is related to the conductivity and capacitance of the material, and these parameters can in turn be related to the molecular activity of the material.

 

When an alternating voltage is applied to a dielectric sample, some energy is stored by the capacitance, and some is dissipated by the resistance effects.

 

The resulting current in the sample will exhibit a phase lag, δ. In materials research, the capacitance effect is known as the permittivity (or dielectric constant) ε’, and the resistive effect as dielectric loss, ε”. Tan δ, the dissipation factor equals ε”/ε’.

 

In materials where ε” is very small and ε’ large, the resolution of tan δ becomes critical if an accurate measurement is to be made. The 1296A overcomes this by taking a reference measurement on a precision capacitor which is automatically substituted for the sample; a second measurement is made, this time on the sample itself. The two results are used to derive a very accurate estimate of the permittivity of the material - in effect, the first measurement is used to eliminate the effects of extraneous capacitance.

Temperature Options 

 

  • Model 1296010A Cryostat System covering 77 K to 500K, complete with solid and liquid sample holder for testing polymers, rubber, pharmaceuticals, etc.
  • Furnace system covering 400-1000ºC, complete with sample holder for testing ceramics, composites, glasses etc.
  • Room temperature sample holder for solids and liquids
Applications 

The range of applications for a 1296A system is huge, and includes the investigation of:-

  • Relaxation processes in the molecular dynamics of liquid crystals, polymers and liquids
  • Charge transport in semiconductors, organic crystals, ceramics etc.
  • Analysis of chemical reactions, polymerization and curing processes
  • Non-linear electrical and optical effects
  • Novel gas and liquid sensors
  • Characterization of insulating and semiconductor materials
  • Quality control in the production of insulators, printed circuit boards, etc.
  • Fuel cell/battery materials

 

  1296+1260/1255

1296+1250

1296+1253

Frequency Range 10 µHz to 10 MHz 10 µHz to 65 KHz 1 mHz to 20 kHz
Signal Amplitude up to 7 v rms* up to 10 V rms up to 10 v rms
DC Bias up to ±40 V up to ±10 V up to ±10 V

*For signals >3Vrms, an internal amplifier is used, and signal amplitude + DC bias must not exceed 10V peak

Current measurement   1 fA to 100 mA
Tan delta range <10-4 to 103 (reference mode)
Impedance range 100 Ω to > 100 TΩ (1014Ω)
Capacitance range 1 pF to >0.1 F

1296A Typical accuracy 

Software Provides control of FRA, 1296 and optional temperature controller, DC bias and AC signal amplifiers
Result parameters Z*, Y*, ε*, C* (real, imaginary, magnitude, phase, tan δ)
plotted vs frequency, time, temperature, bias, ac level
on Bode, complex plane
Power supply 85 VAC to 264 VAC (47 to 440 Hz)
Power consumption 30VA max.
Dimensions (w x h x d) 13.39' (340 mm) x 4.72' (120 mm) x 11.81' (300 mm)
Weight 12.13lb (5.5kg)
Operating temp. range 10 to 30ºC (50 to 80ºF)

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